For a photographer EXIF and IPTC data can often be regarded as the same thing. They are collections of metadata that are attached to an image file.
However, they have different origins.
EXIF, Exchangeable Image file Format, was created by the Japan Electronic Industries Development Association to store camera specific data in files.
IPTC or IIM (Information Interchange Model), is a specification for adding metadata to a large number of file types. It was created by the International Press Telecommunications Council, which is a UK based organisation that works with standard for sharing news.
It is not always clear if a particular piece of information shall be stored as an EXIF field or an IPTC field.
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